Digital Is folks will want to muse on this Atlantic piece
If there's a simple lesson in all of this, it's that hoaxes tend to thrive in communities which exhibit high levels of trust. But on the Internet, where identities are malleable and uncertain, we all might be well advised to err on the side of skepticism.
That's a good summary conclusion for a recent article in The Atlantic called "How the Professor Who Fooled Wikipedia Got Caught by Reddit". This very interesting article tells the story (new to me) of T. Mills Kelly, a professor at George Mason whose course Lying about the Past charges students with creating historical fabrications and hoaxes to as a way to explore academic argument, accuracy of claims, and, essentially truth and fiction on the web. The article focused on the recent hoax concocted by one class and how it was unmasked by Reddit.
The piece is interesting in the story itself, in the analysis of the cultures of wikipedia, Facebook communities, and Reddit, but also in the basic premise of the class itself — the assignment to perpetrate a hoax. I'd be curious, of Digital Is'ers, what you think. (I have lots of ambivalences.) You can find the May 15, 2012 Atlantic piece here.


Comments
Elyse Eidman-Aadahl
on May 26 2012
at 09:39
The agony and ecstasy of online commentary
Okay, so I posted about The Atlantic article that discussed T. Mills Kelly's Lying About the Past course at George Mason and discussed some of what was learned about communities like the editors at Wikipedia and Reddit. I also commented in this thread about my ambivalence about the assignment, despite my appreciation. And I did mean ambivalence in all its connotions.
So, now I feel responsible for passing along continued coverage of the story since Mills Kelly has not become such a target for internet flaming that he has needed to unplug his blogs, Twitter accounts, etc. The flaming started with the comments on The Atlantic piece, and no doubt continued in more personal online spaces.
In response, Spencer Roberts posted a thoughtful response and annalysis at his blog Digital History and Beyond. Worth a read. For those just catching up on the story, I quote Spencer's summary of the assignment and class at the center of the controversy...with very useful links:
Hop over and read his piece.
Kevin Hodgson
on May 26 2012
at 11:22
Thanks
This piece and the overview is valuable, Elyse, and it demonstrates to me (and for me) how easily it is to see part of a story, think it is the whole story, and then make judgements on the story (even if it is only part of the story and even if we really should know better). I am guilty of that and probably guilty on multiple occasions. Actually, I think the latest chapter here is more interesting than the first (the actual project) since it shows us some underlying assumptions, misassumptions, and results of writing text in online spaces -- how easily it is to appear an expert, how quick we are to judge, how quick we are to react, and how vitrolic some of the comments can be (I like that the prof wants to get a hat with one of the comments -- that shows that he has a sense of humor about the whole thing).
Kevin
Joe Dillon
on May 22 2012
at 20:25
Wikipedia
I have a concern, or maybe its just a nagging theory, that this type of misuse of Wikipedia born out of a really simplistic view of Wikipedia. Teachers, believing that the site completely lacks credibility, ban its use and then, growing creative in their disdain for what they don't understand, encourage students to vandalize the site.
I don't think it is a slight to say that teachers don't understand Wikipedia because I don't think anyone understands Wikipedia. Not completely. It deserves our close attention and our inquiry. A fair amount of scrutiny is probably important, too. I think it is inspiring when Jim Groom gets fired up about how hard it is to create a good article on Wikipedia, even with a whole college class working hard on the effort.
When someone aims get something erroneous on the site, I question what they prove if a falsehood sticks. Did they prove the Internet is unreliable? All we have to do is look through some old history books to see how unremarkable it is when lies are printed. When T. Mims Kelly slipped his hoax by wikipedians, was that any more noteworthy than when Sports Illustrated fooled many knowledgeable sports fans into believing in Sid Finch. Why the academic interest in putting lies into print?
I think it is important to remember that Wikipedia doesn't claim to be 100% accurate. It claims to be an online community and an online encyclopedia. Wikipedia is what it claims to be. When educators ask students to post misinformation, are the educators being what they claim to be?
Elyse Eidman-Aadahl
on May 23 2012
at 21:03
On the edge
I mostly was interested in the observations about the internal workings of the communities as well as the tactics the students came up with. But I confess to finding the assignment troubling.
Kevin Hodgson
on May 24 2012
at 02:22
What troubled you
Elyse
I was wondering what troubled you? The assignment or the aftermath? Just curious.
Kevin
Elyse Eidman-Aadahl
on May 24 2012
at 08:03
Things that make you say "hmmm" (as Arsenio Hall used to say)
it was the assignment; the aftermath seems to me a powerful learning opportunity. I would imagine that the students learn much more than to be skeptical; they would also learn the how of these hoaxes and how to much more carefully examine, sleuth even, the information they will interact with in their lives. I should also say that I, myself, have given plenty of assignments which students loved and learned from, but that upon reflection I was troubled by. (One in particular, part of a unit around the novel 1984, was magnificent and effective and troubles me in the same way.) I think it might be that I actually want Wikipedia to succeed. I love the notion that professionals and amateurs alike can contribute to creating and circulating knowledge in this way and that this kind of work has been democratized. The thing I love most about Wikipedia is the thing that most depends upon both critical-thinking-knowledge-production skills and a disposition toward generous improvement of knowledge. So I feel an ambivalence toward introducing misinformation/disinformation as an assignment.
I'm not hugely focused on this, just recognizing a little 'hmmm' in my mind related to the story.
Traci Gardner
on May 24 2012
at 19:57
Agreed, Elyse!
I'm with you on this, Elyse. I wrote a newsletter column on Kelly's strategy that makes basically this point (it won't come out till next week so I can't point to it). Sure Kelly's assignment is interesting, and it was probably a lot of fun. I can imagine that there was quite a bit community built among the teams as they endeavored to trick their readers. I'm sure they learned a great deal about critical thinking, interrogating resources, and how knowledge is (or isn't) constructed.
But they're doing all that in an unethical way.
How could I in good conscience ask students to go out and vandalize texts in this way? I can't. I talked myself out of a similar assignment, where students created Snopes-worthy hoaxes and faked virus alerts. It just felt wrong, and beyond that, I didn't want to be known as the teacher who was showing students how to write such falsehoods. I thought my assignments would work for all the reasons that Kelly's do, but they just weren't modeling the kind of digital citizenship that I hope students will achieve.
Kelly's assignment has led to some interesting observations about how online communities work, but they aren't assignments I could endorse or use.
Traci
Kevin Hodgson
on May 25 2012
at 02:16
Ethics
I like that you brought the ethics of an assignment and use of technology (and digital citizenship) in the mix, Traci. I wonder where those lines are and how to delineate them, particularly as technology and media and communication become more and more central to our daily lives, and the daily iives of our students.
Lots of interesting tangents here ...
Kevin
Kevin Hodgson
on May 21 2012
at 03:04
hmmm
Thanks for sharing this piece, and the story (if it's real!).
Actually, i agree that the teaching moment in that class, and now beyond that class, is valuable on a variety of points: hoaxes, the power of media to create something out of nothing, and the way the hoaxes were discovered and outed by Reddit. It's sort of like a snake chomping its tail (tale?) as one side of the technology takes on another side.
I imagine the students in that professor's class are critically aware of media and technology in a way that would not have been true if they had been lectured to (or even assigned reading, such as this Atlantic piece). The act of doing, of creating, is no doubt embedded deeply in their experience.
And, yes, it reminds us to be skeptics.
Kevin